World Factbook
Bahrain
Mamlakat al Bahrayn
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Literacy
male
98.7% (2024 est.)
female
96.3% (2024 est.)
total population
97.8% (2024 est.)
Languages
Languages
Arabic (official), English, Farsi, Urdu
major-language sample(s)
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Muslim 74.2%, other 25.9% (2020 est)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.68 male(s)/female
total population
1.5 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
1.06 male(s)/female
Birth rate
12.08 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
2.86 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
34.6 years
total
33.5 years (2025 est.)
female
31.2 years
Population
male
940,022
total
1,566,888 (2024 est.)
female
626,866
Nationality
noun
Bahraini(s)
adjective
Bahraini
Tobacco use
male
24.3% (2025 est.)
total
17.3% (2025 est.)
female
4.8% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
89.9% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
18.1% (male 143,399/female 139,667)
15-64 years
77.7% (male 762,190/female 454,616)
65 years and over
4.3% (2024 est.) (male 34,433/female 32,583)
Ethnic groups
Bahraini 47.4%, Asian 43.4%, other Arab 4.9%, African 1.4%, North American 1.1%, Gulf Co-operative countries 0.9%, European 0.8%, other 0.1% (2020 est.)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
28.8 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio
23.3 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio
18.2 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
5.5 (2024 est.)
Physician density
0.74 physicians/1,000 population (2020)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
4.3% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
8.6% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-1.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
1.7 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.64 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: total
total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
1.9% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
8.3% national budget (2025 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
11.3 deaths/1,000 live births
total
9.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
8 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.79% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.81 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
smallest population of the Gulf States, but urbanization rate exceeds 90%; largest settlement concentration is found on the far northern end of the island in and around Manamah and Al Muharraq
Life expectancy at birth
male
78.1 years
female
82.7 years
total population
80.4 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
17 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
0.4 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.11 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
1.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
0.66 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
709,000 MANAMA (capital) (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
29.8% (2016)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
56.4% (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
15 years (2023 est.)
total
16 years (2023 est.)
female
17 years (2023 est.)