World Factbook
Belgium
Royaume de Belgique (French)/Koninkrijk Belgie (Dutch)/Koenigreich Belgien (German)
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Budget
note
note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
revenues
$220.657 billion (2022 est.)
expenditures
$235.767 billion (2022 est.)
Exports
note
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports 2022
$565.233 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$542.508 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024
$525.458 billion (2024 est.)
Imports
note
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports 2022
$573.192 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$546.426 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024
$531.029 billion (2024 est.)
Industries
engineering and metal products, motor vehicle assembly, transportation equipment, scientific instruments, processed food and beverages, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, base metals, textiles, glass, petroleum
Labor force
5.416 million (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
note
note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Public debt 2022
92.5% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances
note
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2022
2.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
2.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024
2.3% of GDP (2024 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
0.876 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
0.845 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
0.95 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
0.925 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
0.924 (2024 est.)
Economic overview
high-income, core EU and eurozone economy; slow growth with weakened domestic consumption and export demand; high public debt and structural deficits linked to social spending; aging workforce with weak productivity growth and participation rates
Unemployment rate
note
note: % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022
5.6% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
5.6% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
5.5% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
France 20%, Netherlands 15%, Germany 14%, Italy 6%, USA 5% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Imports - partners
Netherlands 20%, Germany 13%, France 11%, USA 7%, Ireland 4% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Real GDP per capita
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022
$62,700 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$62,900 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$63,100 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
note
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022
4.3% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
1.2% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
1% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
sugar beets, milk, potatoes, wheat, pork, lettuce, maize, chicken, barley, pears (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Exports - commodities
refined petroleum, natural gas, vaccines, cars, packaged medicine (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - commodities
cars, natural gas, vaccines, packaged medicine, crude petroleum (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Current account balance
note
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Current account balance 2022
-$7.031 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
-$4.503 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024
-$5.679 billion (2024 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
22.7% (of GDP) (2022 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
GDP (official exchange rate)
$664.564 billion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP - composition, by end use
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
household consumption
50.4% (2023 est.)
government consumption
23.8% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories
1% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital
24.4% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services
84.2% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services
-84.8% (2023 est.)
Population below poverty line
12.3% (2022 est.)
note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Average household expenditures
on food
12.2% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco
4% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
note
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
9.6% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
4% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
3.1% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
-0.6% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$732.865 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$741.672 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$749.229 billion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
18.6% (2024 est.)
note
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
total
16.8% (2024 est.)
female
14.7% (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
note
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$41.274 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$40.813 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$41.449 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
industry
17.6% (2024 est.)
services
72.1% (2024 est.)
agriculture
0.8% (2024 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
note
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
lowest 10%
3.8% (2022 est.)
highest 10%
22.2% (2022 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
note
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022
26.4 (2022 est.)