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Botswana

Republic of Botswana

Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)

Budget

note

note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

revenues

$5.474 billion (2024 est.)

expenditures

$6.296 billion (2024 est.)

Exports

note

note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports 2021

$7.861 billion (2021 est.)

Exports 2022

$8.914 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$6.398 billion (2023 est.)

Imports

note

note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports 2021

$9.25 billion (2021 est.)

Imports 2022

$8.826 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$7.228 billion (2023 est.)

Industries

diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver; beef processing; textiles

Labor force

1.173 million (2024 est.)

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Public debt

note

note: central government debt as a % of GDP

Public debt 2020

19.6% of GDP (2020 est.)

Remittances

note

note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

0.3% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

0.3% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

0.4% of GDP (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

pulas (BWP) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2020

11.456 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

11.087 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

12.369 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

13.596 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2024

13.563 (2024 est.)

Debt - external

note

note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Debt - external 2023

$1.761 billion (2023 est.)

Economic overview

good economic governance and financial management; diamond-driven growth model declining; rapid poverty reductions; high unemployment, particularly among youth; COVID-19 sharply contracted the economy and recovery is slow; public sector wages have posed fiscal challenges

Unemployment rate

note

note: % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

23.7% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

23.4% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

23.2% (2024 est.)

Exports - partners

UAE 27%, India 17%, Belgium 16%, South Africa 8%, USA 7% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Imports - partners

South Africa 65%, Namibia 8%, Canada 5%, China 3%, India 3% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Real GDP per capita

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$18,600 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$18,900 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$18,100 (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

note

note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

5.5% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

3.2% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

-3% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

root vegetables, beef, vegetables, sorghum, maize, game meat, milk, watermelons, goat milk, sunflower seeds (2023)

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Exports - commodities

diamonds, copper ore, insulated wire, carbonates, cattle (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, diamonds, cars, flavored water, electricity (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Current account balance

note

note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Current account balance 2021

-$314.583 million (2021 est.)

Current account balance 2022

-$232.122 million (2022 est.)

Current account balance 2023

-$116.727 million (2023 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

19.6% (of GDP) (2022 est.)

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

GDP (official exchange rate)

$19.401 billion (2024 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

GDP - composition, by end use

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

household consumption

45.3% (2024 est.)

government consumption

32.1% (2024 est.)

investment in inventories

7.7% (2024 est.)

investment in fixed capital

28.5% (2024 est.)

exports of goods and services

26% (2024 est.)

imports of goods and services

-40.9% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

16.1% (2015 est.)

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

note

note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

11.7% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

5.1% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

2.8% (2024 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

-13.5% (2024 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$45.498 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$46.957 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$45.553 billion (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

male

39.8% (2024 est.)

note

note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

total

43.9% (2024 est.)

female

48.6% (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

note

note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$4.279 billion (2022 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$4.756 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$3.456 billion (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

industry

29.4% (2024 est.)

services

63.5% (2024 est.)

agriculture

1.7% (2024 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

note

note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

lowest 10%

1.4% (2015 est.)

highest 10%

42.9% (2015 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

note

note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2015

54.9 (2015 est.)