World Factbook
Brazil
República Federativa do Brasil
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Budget
note
note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
revenues
$556.303 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures
$706.816 billion (2023 est.)
Exports
note
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports 2022
$380.492 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$389.192 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024
$388.333 billion (2024 est.)
Imports
note
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports 2022
$369.861 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$340.195 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024
$377.05 billion (2024 est.)
Industries
textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and equipment
Labor force
106.79 million (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
note
note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Public debt 2023
83% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances
note
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2022
0.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
0.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024
0.2% of GDP (2024 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
reals (BRL) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
5.155 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
5.394 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
5.164 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
4.994 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
5.389 (2024 est.)
Debt - external
note
note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Debt - external 2023
$198.582 billion (2023 est.)
Economic overview
upper-middle-income, largest Latin American economy; Mercosur, BRICS, G20 member and OECD accession candidate; growth driven by strong domestic consumption; monetary tightening helping curb inflation rate; high inequality in income and access to health and education
Unemployment rate
note
note: % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022
9.3% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
8% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
7.7% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
China 30%, USA 10%, Argentina 5%, Netherlands 3%, Chile 2% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Imports - partners
China 23%, USA 16%, Germany 5%, Argentina 5%, Russia 4% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Real GDP per capita
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022
$18,600 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$19,100 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$19,600 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
note
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022
3% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
3.2% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
3.4% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
sugarcane, soybeans, maize, milk, cassava, oranges, chicken, beef, rice, wheat (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Exports - commodities
soybeans, crude petroleum, iron ore, raw sugar, corn (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, fertilizers, crude petroleum, vehicle parts/accessories, gas turbines (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Current account balance
note
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Current account balance 2022
-$42.157 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
-$27.933 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024
-$61.194 billion (2024 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
14% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
GDP (official exchange rate)
$2.179 trillion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP - composition, by end use
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
household consumption
63.8% (2024 est.)
government consumption
18.8% (2024 est.)
investment in inventories
-0.1% (2024 est.)
investment in fixed capital
17% (2024 est.)
exports of goods and services
18% (2024 est.)
imports of goods and services
-17.5% (2024 est.)
Population below poverty line
4.2% (2016 est.)
note: approximately 4% of the population are below the "extreme" poverty line
Average household expenditures
on food
16.2% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco
1.7% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
note
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
9.3% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
4.6% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
4.4% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
3.3% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$3.902 trillion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$4.029 trillion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$4.165 trillion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
15.7% (2024 est.)
note
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
total
18% (2024 est.)
female
20.9% (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
note
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$324.673 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$355.021 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$329.732 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
industry
21.3% (2024 est.)
services
59.3% (2024 est.)
agriculture
5.6% (2024 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
note
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
lowest 10%
1.3% (2023 est.)
highest 10%
40.8% (2023 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
note
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023
51.6 (2023 est.)