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Brunei

Negara Brunei Darussalam

Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)

Budget

revenues

$1.058 billion (2020 est.)

expenditures

$3.189 billion (2020 est.)

Exports

note

note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports 2022

$14.405 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$11.573 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2024

$11.483 billion (2024 est.)

Imports

note

note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports 2022

$10.099 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$9.077 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2024

$9.11 billion (2024 est.)

Industries

petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction, agriculture, aquaculture, transportation

Labor force

233,500 (2024 est.)

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Public debt

note

note: central government debt as a % of GDP

Public debt 2017

2.8% of GDP (2017 est.)

Remittances

note

note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

0% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

0% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

0% of GDP (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

Bruneian dollars (BND) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2020

1.38 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

1.344 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

1.379 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

1.343 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2024

1.336 (2024 est.)

Economic overview

almost exclusively an oil and gas economy; high income country; expansive and robust welfare system; the majority of the population works for the government; promulgating a nationalized halal brand; considering establishment of a bond market and stock exchange

Unemployment rate

note

note: % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

5.2% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

5.2% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

5.2% (2024 est.)

Exports - partners

Australia 21%, Japan 17%, China 17%, Singapore 16%, Malaysia 6% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Imports - partners

Malaysia 23%, UAE 10%, China 10%, UK 10%, Australia 6% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Real GDP per capita

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$76,400 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$76,600 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$79,200 (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

note

note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

-1.6% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

1.1% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

4.2% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

chicken, eggs, fruits, vegetables, rice, bananas, beans, cucumbers/gherkins, pineapples, beef (2023)

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Exports - commodities

refined petroleum, natural gas, crude petroleum, hydrocarbons, fertilizers (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports - commodities

crude petroleum, gold, refined petroleum, coal, cars (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Current account balance

note

note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Current account balance 2022

$3.256 billion (2022 est.)

Current account balance 2023

$1.944 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance 2024

$2.23 billion (2024 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$15.463 billion (2024 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

GDP - composition, by end use

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

household consumption

28.5% (2024 est.)

government consumption

23% (2024 est.)

investment in inventories

0.2% (2024 est.)

investment in fixed capital

28.2% (2024 est.)

exports of goods and services

74.3% (2024 est.)

imports of goods and services

-58.9% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

note

note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

3.7% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

0.4% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

-0.4% (2024 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

5.7% (2024 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$34.771 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$35.163 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$36.64 billion (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

male

16.5% (2024 est.)

note

note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

total

18.5% (2024 est.)

female

21.6% (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

note

note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$5.035 billion (2022 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$4.483 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$4.414 billion (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

industry

61.7% (2024 est.)

services

38.7% (2024 est.)

agriculture

1.2% (2024 est.)