World Factbook
Brunei
Negara Brunei Darussalam
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Area
land
5,265 sq km
water
500 sq km
total
5,765 sq km
Climate
tropical; hot, humid, rainy
Terrain
flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west
Land use
other
25.4% (2023 est.)
forest
72.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
2.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 0.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0.6% (2023 est.)
Location
Southeastern Asia, along the northern coast of the island of Borneo, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia
Coastline
161 km
Elevation
lowest point
South China Sea 0 m
highest point
Bukit Pagon 1,850 m
mean elevation
478 m
Irrigated land
10 sq km (2012)
Map references
Southeast Asia
Land boundaries
total
266 km
border countries
Malaysia 266 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea
12 nm
exclusive economic zone
200 nm or to median line
Natural hazards
typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
Geography - note
close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; the eastern part, the Temburong district, is an exclave and is almost an enclave within Malaysia
Natural resources
petroleum, natural gas, timber
Area - comparative
slightly smaller than Delaware
Geographic coordinates
4 30 N, 114 40 E
Population distribution
the vast majority of the population is found along the coast in the western part of Brunei, which is separated from the eastern portion by Malaysia; the largest population concentration is in the far north on the western side of the Brunei Bay, in and around the capital of Bandar Seri Begawan