World Factbook
Canada
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Budget
note
note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
revenues
$428.312 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures
$417.421 billion (2023 est.)
Exports
note
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports 2022
$743.782 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$724.754 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024
$727.831 billion (2024 est.)
Imports
note
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports 2022
$731.058 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$723.399 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024
$733.778 billion (2024 est.)
Industries
transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, fish products, petroleum, natural gas
Labor force
22.868 million (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
note
note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Public debt 2023
61.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances
note
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2022
0% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
0% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024
0% of GDP (2024 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Canadian dollars (CAD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
1.341 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
1.254 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
1.302 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
1.35 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
1.369 (2024 est.)
Economic overview
high-income economy and second-largest US trading partner; key timber, oil, and gas industries; trade uncertainties and weak business investments contributing to economic slowdown; high and growing public debt; inflation moderating but remains above target range
Unemployment rate
note
note: % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022
5.3% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
5.5% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
6.5% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
USA 71%, China 5%, UK 3%, Japan 2%, Mexico 2% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Imports - partners
USA 51%, China 11%, Mexico 6%, Germany 3%, Japan 3% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Real GDP per capita
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022
$58,300 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$57,500 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$56,700 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
note
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022
4.2% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
1.5% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
1.5% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
wheat, rapeseed, maize, milk, barley, soybeans, potatoes, peas, oats, pork (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Exports - commodities
crude petroleum, cars, gold, natural gas, refined petroleum (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - commodities
cars, trucks, vehicle parts/accessories, refined petroleum, crude petroleum (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Current account balance
note
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Current account balance 2022
-$6.318 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
-$13.764 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024
-$10.349 billion (2024 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
13.8% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
GDP (official exchange rate)
$2.241 trillion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP - composition, by end use
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
household consumption
54.4% (2023 est.)
government consumption
20.9% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories
1% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital
22.9% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services
33.3% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services
-33.3% (2023 est.)
Average household expenditures
on food
9.7% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco
3.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
note
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
6.8% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
3.9% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
2.4% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
0% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$2.271 trillion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$2.305 trillion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$2.341 trillion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
13.8% (2024 est.)
note
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
total
13% (2024 est.)
female
12.1% (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
note
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$106.952 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$117.551 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$119.778 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
industry
25.3% (2021 est.)
services
66.4% (2021 est.)
agriculture
1.6% (2021 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
note
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
lowest 10%
3.5% (2020 est.)
highest 10%
23.4% (2020 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
note
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020
29.9 (2020 est.)