World Factbook
France
République française
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Languages
note
note: overseas departments - French, Creole patois, Mahorian (a Swahili dialect)
Languages
French (official) 100%, declining regional dialects and languages (Provençal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish, Occitan, Picard)
major-language sample(s)
The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Roman Catholic 47%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 2%, Buddhist 2%, Orthodox 1%, Jewish 1%, other 1%, none 33%, unspecified 9% (2021 est.)
note: France maintains a tradition of secularism and has not officially collected data on religious affiliation since the 1872 national census, which complicates assessments of France's religious composition; an 1872 law prohibiting state authorities from collecting data on individuals' ethnicity or religious beliefs was reaffirmed by a 1978 law emphasizing the prohibition of the collection or exploitation of personal data revealing an individual's race, ethnicity, or political, philosophical, or religious opinions; a 1905 law codified France's separation of church and state
Sex ratio
at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.01 male(s)/female
total population
0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.79 male(s)/female
Birth rate
10.88 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
9.91 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
41 years
total
42.7 years (2025 est.)
female
44.2 years
Population
male
33,627,639
total
68,512,806 (2025 est.)
female
34,885,167
Nationality
noun
Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)
adjective
French
Tobacco use
male
30.7% (2025 est.)
total
28.9% (2025 est.)
female
27.3% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
81.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
0.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
17.3% (male 6,060,087/female 5,792,805)
15-64 years
60.7% (male 20,875,861/female 20,615,847)
65 years and over
22% (2024 est.) (male 6,621,146/female 8,408,845)
Ethnic groups
Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African (Algerian, Moroccan, Tunisian), Indochinese, Basque minorities
note: overseas departments: Black, White, Mulatto, East Indian, Chinese, Indigenous
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
65.2 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
28.4 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
2.7 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
36.8 (2025 est.)
Physician density
3.28 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
12.3% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
15.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
1.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
6 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.9 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
9.1% national budget (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
3.4 deaths/1,000 live births
total
3.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
2.8 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.2% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.93 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
much of the population is concentrated in the north and southeast; although there are many urban agglomerations throughout the country, Paris is by far the largest city, with Lyon ranked a distant second
Life expectancy at birth
male
79.8 years
female
85.5 years
total population
82.6 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
7 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
2.52 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
6.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
11.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
2.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
11.208 million PARIS (capital), 1.761 million Lyon, 1.628 million Marseille-Aix-en-Provence, 1.079 million Lille, 1.060 million Toulouse, 1.000 million Bordeaux (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
21.6% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
28.9 years (2020 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
54.9% (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
16 years (2022 est.)
total
16 years (2022 est.)
female
17 years (2022 est.)