World Factbook
Greenland
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Languages
Greenlandic, Danish, English
note: West Greenlandic or Kalaallisut is the official language; Tunumiisut (East Greenlandic) and Inuktun (Polar Inuit Greenlandic) are considered dialects of Kalaallisut and spoken by about 10% of Greenlanders
Religions
Evangelical Lutheran, traditional Inuit spiritual beliefs
Sex ratio
at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.07 male(s)/female
total population
1.07 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
1.13 male(s)/female
Birth rate
13.32 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
9.29 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
35.9 years
total
35.6 years (2025 est.)
female
34.7 years
Population
male
29,843
total
57,751 (2024 est.)
female
27,908
Nationality
noun
Greenlander(s)
adjective
Greenlandic
Urbanization
urban population
87.9% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
20.4% (male 5,964/female 5,798)
15-64 years
67.1% (male 20,050/female 18,711)
65 years and over
12.5% (2024 est.) (male 3,829/female 3,399)
Ethnic groups
Greenlandic 88.1%, Danish 7.1%, Filipino 1.6%, other Nordic peoples 0.9%, and other 2.3% (2024 est.)
note: data represent population by country of birth
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
49 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio
30.3 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio
5.4 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
18.6 (2024 est.)
Physician density
1.87 physicians/1,000 population (2016)
Net migration rate
-4.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.87 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
10.2% of GDP (2019 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
9.9 deaths/1,000 live births
total
8.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
6.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
-0.08% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.91 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
settlement concentrated on the southwest shoreline, with limited settlements scattered along the remaining coast; interior is uninhabited
Life expectancy at birth
male
71.8 years
female
77.3 years
total population
74.5 years (2024 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: total
total: 62.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population
unimproved: total
total: 37.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population
Major urban areas - population
18,000 NUUK (capital) (2018)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
38.8% (2022 est.)