World Factbook

Iran

Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran

Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)

Budget

revenues

$60.714 billion (2019 est.)

expenditures

$90.238 billion (2019 est.)

Exports

note

note: GDP expenditure basis - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports 2022

$105.752 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$97.924 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2024

$100.031 billion (2024 est.)

Imports

note

note: GDP expenditure basis - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports 2022

$97.729 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$113.21 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2024

$117.176 billion (2024 est.)

Industries

petroleum, petrochemicals, gas, fertilizer, caustic soda, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production), ferrous and nonferrous metal fabrication, armaments

Labor force

28.575 million (2024 est.)

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Public debt

note

note: includes publicly guaranteed debt

Public debt 2017

39.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

Remittances

note

note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

0% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

0% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

0% of GDP (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

Iranian rials (IRR) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2019

42,000 (2019 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

42,000 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

42,000 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

42,000 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

42,000 (2023 est.)

Debt - external

note

note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Debt - external 2023

$6.759 billion (2023 est.)

Economic overview

traditionally state-controlled economy but reforming state-owned financial entities; strong oil/gas, agricultural, and service sectors; recent massive inflation due to exchange rate depreciation, international sanctions, and investor uncertainty; increasing poverty

Unemployment rate

note

note: % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

9.1% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

9.1% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

9.2% (2024 est.)

Exports - partners

China 35%, Turkey 16%, India 8%, Pakistan 7%, Armenia 5% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Imports - partners

China 34%, UAE 20%, Turkey 11%, Brazil 8%, Germany 4% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Real GDP per capita

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$15,300 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$15,900 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$16,200 (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

note

note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

3.8% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

5% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

3% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

wheat, sugarcane, milk, sugar beets, rice, tomatoes, barley, potatoes, oranges, apples (2023)

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Exports - commodities

plastics, iron ore, alcohols, natural gas, refined copper (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports - commodities

broadcasting equipment, vehicle parts/accessories, corn, soybeans, vehicle bodies (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

GDP (official exchange rate)

$436.906 billion (2024 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

GDP - composition, by end use

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

household consumption

50.5% (2024 est.)

government consumption

12.9% (2024 est.)

investment in inventories

13.3% (2024 est.)

investment in fixed capital

26.7% (2024 est.)

exports of goods and services

22.9% (2024 est.)

imports of goods and services

-26.8% (2024 est.)

Average household expenditures

on food

27.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

on alcohol and tobacco

0.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

note

note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

43.5% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

44.6% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

32.5% (2024 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

2.8% (2024 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$1.373 trillion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$1.442 trillion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$1.486 trillion (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

male

20% (2024 est.)

note

note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

total

22.8% (2024 est.)

female

35.5% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

industry

36.4% (2024 est.)

services

47.9% (2024 est.)

agriculture

13% (2024 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

note

note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

lowest 10%

2.8% (2023 est.)

highest 10%

28.2% (2023 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

note

note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023

35.9 (2023 est.)