World Factbook
Israel
Medinat Yisra'el
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Languages
Languages
Hebrew (official), Arabic (special status under Israeli law), English (most commonly used foreign language)
major-language sample(s)
ספר עובדות העולם, המקור החיוני למידע בסיסי (Hebrew) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Jewish 73.5%, Muslim 18.1%, Christian 1.9%, Druze 1.6%, other 4.9% (2022 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.04 male(s)/female
total population
1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.84 male(s)/female
Birth rate
18.89 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
4.89 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
29.6 years
total
30.2 years (2025 est.)
female
30.7 years
Population
male
4,731,275
note
note: approximately 236,600 Israeli settlers live in East Jerusalem (2021); following the March 2019 US recognition of the Golan Heights as being part of Israel, The World Factbook no longer includes Israeli settler population of the Golan Heights (estimated at 23,400 in 2019) in its overall Israeli settler total
total
9,402,617 (2024 est.)
female
4,671,342
Nationality
noun
Israeli(s)
adjective
Israeli
Tobacco use
male
24.9% (2025 est.)
total
18.6% (2025 est.)
female
12.4% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
92.9% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
1.51% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
27.5% (male 1,320,629/female 1,260,977)
15-64 years
60.3% (male 2,885,485/female 2,781,777)
65 years and over
12.3% (2024 est.) (male 525,161/female 628,588)
Ethnic groups
Jewish 73.5% (of which Israel-born 79.7%, Europe/America/Oceania-born 14.3%, Africa-born 3.9%, Asia-born 2.1%), Arab 21.1%, other 5.4% (2022 est.)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
65.9 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio
45.6 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio
4.9 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
20.4 (2024 est.)
Physician density
3.8 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
7.9% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
13% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
1.88 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
3.1 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.89 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.9% of GDP (2022 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
16.1% national budget (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
3.3 deaths/1,000 live births
total
2.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
2.3 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
1.59% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
1.41 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
population concentrated in and around Tel-Aviv, as well as around the Sea of Galilee; the south remains sparsely populated, with the exception of the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba
Life expectancy at birth
male
81.1 years
female
85.1 years
total population
83.1 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
2 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 99% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
1.78 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.08 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
3.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
1.16 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0.04 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
4.421 million Tel Aviv-Yafo, 1.174 million Haifa, 970,000 JERUSALEM (capital) (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
26.1% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
27.7 years (2019 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
50.4% (2021 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
14 years (2022 est.)
total
15 years (2022 est.)
female
16 years (2022 est.)