World Factbook
Kenya
Republic of Kenya (English)/ Jamhuri ya Kenya (Swahili)
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Languages
Languages
English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages
major-language sample(s)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English) The World Factbook, Chanzo cha Lazima Kuhusu Habari ya Msingi. (Kiswahili)
Religions
Christian 85.5% (Protestant 33.4%, Catholic 20.6%, Evangelical 20.4%, African Instituted Churches 7%, other Christian 4.1%), Muslim 10.9%, other 1.8%, none 1.6%, don't know/no answer 0.2% (2019 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.02 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1 male(s)/female
total population
1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.84 male(s)/female
Birth rate
25.93 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
4.72 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
21.1 years
total
21.5 years (2025 est.)
female
21.4 years
Population
male
27,857,519
total
55,751,717 (2025 est.)
female
27,894,198
Nationality
noun
Kenyan(s)
adjective
Kenyan
Tobacco use
male
15.5% (2025 est.)
total
8.6% (2025 est.)
female
1.9% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
29.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
4.09% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
35.8% (male 10,464,384/female 10,366,997)
15-64 years
60.9% (male 17,731,068/female 17,723,012)
65 years and over
3.4% (2024 est.) (male 896,348/female 1,064,569)
Ethnic groups
Kikuyu 17.1%, Luhya 14.3%, Kalenjin 13.4%, Luo 10.7%, Kamba 9.8%, Somali 5.8%, Kisii 5.7%, Mijikenda 5.2%, Meru 4.2%, Maasai 2.5%, Turkana 2.1%, non-Kenyan 1%, other 8.2% (2019 est.)
Child marriage
men married by age 18
1.8% (2022)
women married by age 15
2.2% (2022)
women married by age 18
12.5% (2022)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
64 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
58.5 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
18.2 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
5.5 (2025 est.)
Physician density
0.29 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
4.5% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
8.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
0.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
1.3 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)
Total fertility rate
3.09 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 53.3% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 62.9% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 86.4% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 46.7% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 37.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 13.6% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
4% of GDP (2024 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
28.5% national budget (2025 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
29 deaths/1,000 live births
total
26.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
23.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
2.15% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
1.53 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
population heavily concentrated in the west along the shore of Lake Victoria; other areas of high density include the capital of Nairobi, and in the southeast along the Indian Ocean coast, as shown in this population distribution map
Life expectancy at birth
male
68.6 years
female
72.2 years
total population
70.4 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
379 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 51.1% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 60.9% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 84.7% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 48.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 39.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 15.3% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
0.81 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.04 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
1.68 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
0.81 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
5.325 million NAIROBI (capital), 1.440 million Mombassa (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
7.1% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
20.3 years (2014 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
53.2% (2022 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
9.8% (2022 est.)