World Factbook
Mexico
Estados Unidos Mexicanos
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Literacy
male
96% (2020 est.)
female
94% (2020 est.)
total population
95% (2020 est.)
Languages
Languages
Spanish only 93.8%, Spanish and indigenous languages (including Mayan, Nahuatl, and others) 5.4%, indigenous only 0.6%, unspecified 0.2% (2020 est.)
major-language sample(s)
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Catholic 77.7%, no religion 10.6%, other Evangelical Churches 7.5%, Jehovah Witness 1.2%; less than 1 percent: Pentecostal, Seventh Day Adventist, Historics, not specified, Latter Day Saints, other religions (2020 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years
0.95 male(s)/female
total population
0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.75 male(s)/female
Birth rate
14.73 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
6.04 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
28.8 years
total
31 years (2025 est.)
female
32.7 years
Population
male
63,899,138
total
130,739,927 (2024 est.)
female
66,840,789
Nationality
noun
Mexican(s)
adjective
Mexican
Tobacco use
male
21.8% (2025 est.)
total
13.8% (2025 est.)
female
6.3% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
81.6% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
1.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
23.3% (male 15,647,805/female 14,754,004)
15-64 years
68.6% (male 43,651,105/female 45,983,174)
65 years and over
8.2% (2024 est.) (male 4,600,228/female 6,103,611)
Ethnic groups
Mestizo (Indigenous-Spanish) 62%, predominantly Indigenous 21%, Indigenous 7%, other 10% (mostly European) (2012 est.)
note: Mexico does not collect census data on ethnicity
Child marriage
women married by age 15
3.6% (2018)
women married by age 18
20.7% (2018)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
45.9 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio
33.9 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio
8.4 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
11.9 (2024 est.)
Physician density
2.59 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
6.1% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
10.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-0.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
1 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.85 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 98.4% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 1.6% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
4.1% of GDP (2022 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
14.2% national budget (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
13.4 deaths/1,000 live births
total
12.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
10.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.81% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.9 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
most of the population is found in the middle of the country between the states of Jalisco and Veracruz; approximately a quarter of the population lives in and around Mexico City
Life expectancy at birth
male
71.6 years
female
77.7 years
total population
74.6 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
42 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 98.2% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 1.8% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
3.72 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
4.25 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
0.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0.15 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
22.281 million MEXICO CITY (capital), 5.420 million Guadalajara, 5.117 million Monterrey, 3.345 million Puebla, 2.626 million Toluca de Lerdo, 2.260 million Tijuana (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
28.9% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
21.3 years (2008 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
53% (2023 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
4.2% (2022 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
14 years (2022 est.)
total
15 years (2022 est.)
female
15 years (2022 est.)