World Factbook
North Macedonia
Republika Severna Makedonija
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Budget
note
note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
revenues
$4.787 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures
$5.514 billion (2023 est.)
Exports
note
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports 2022
$10.123 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$10.691 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024
$10.445 billion (2024 est.)
Imports
note
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports 2022
$13.009 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$12.748 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024
$12.644 billion (2024 est.)
Industries
food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals, automotive parts
Labor force
779,200 (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
note
note: official data from Ministry of Finance; data cover central government debt; this data excludes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; includes treasury debt held by foreign entitites; excludes debt issued by sub-national entities; there are no debt instruments sold for social funds
Public debt 2017
39.3% of GDP (2017 est.)
Remittances
note
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2022
3.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
2.9% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024
2.7% of GDP (2024 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Macedonian denars (MKD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
54.144 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
52.102 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
58.574 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
56.947 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
56.873 (2024 est.)
Debt - external
note
note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Debt - external 2023
$5.637 billion (2023 est.)
Economic overview
upper-middle-income European economy; GDP growth driven by private consumption, public infrastructure investments, and wage growth; stalled progress on EU accession; public debt rising due to high pensions, wages, and interest payments; structural challenges of emigration, low productivity growth, and governance
Unemployment rate
note
note: % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022
14.5% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
13.2% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
13.5% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 39%, Serbia 8%, Bulgaria 6%, Greece 5%, Czechia 3% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Imports - partners
UK 12%, Germany 10%, Greece 9%, China 9%, Serbia 8% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Real GDP per capita
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022
$22,800 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$23,300 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$24,500 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
note
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022
2.8% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
2.1% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
2.8% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
chillies/peppers, milk, wheat, potatoes, grapes, barley, cabbages, maize, watermelons, tomatoes (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Exports - commodities
reaction and catalytic products, insulated wire, electricity, garments, seats (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - commodities
platinum, refined petroleum, laboratory ceramic ware, cars, natural gas (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Current account balance
note
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Current account balance 2022
-$868.965 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
$56.573 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024
-$374.385 million (2024 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
17.9% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
GDP (official exchange rate)
$16.685 billion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP - composition, by end use
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
household consumption
67.9% (2024 est.)
government consumption
16.8% (2024 est.)
investment in inventories
0% (2024 est.)
investment in fixed capital
28.4% (2024 est.)
exports of goods and services
62.7% (2024 est.)
imports of goods and services
-75.8% (2024 est.)
Population below poverty line
21.8% (2019 est.)
note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Average household expenditures
on food
30.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco
4.8% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
note
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
14.2% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
9.4% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
3.5% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
1.8% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$41.801 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$42.668 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$43.844 billion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
29.2% (2024 est.)
note
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
total
30.3% (2024 est.)
female
32.3% (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
note
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$4.12 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$5.015 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$5.252 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
industry
22.7% (2024 est.)
services
59.2% (2024 est.)
agriculture
6% (2024 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
note
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
lowest 10%
1.9% (2019 est.)
highest 10%
22.9% (2019 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
note
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019
33.5 (2019 est.)