World Factbook
Puerto Rico
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Literacy
male
92.4% (2017 est.)
female
92.4% (2017 est.)
total population
92.4% (2017 est.)
Languages
Languages
Spanish, English
major-language sample(s)
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Roman Catholic 56%, Protestant 33% (largely Pentecostal), other 2%, atheist 1%, none 7% (2014 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years
0.92 male(s)/female
total population
0.89 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.75 male(s)/female
Birth rate
7.78 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
10.48 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
44.2 years
total
46.7 years (2025 est.)
female
47.8 years
Population
male
1,400,771
total
2,984,841 (2025 est.)
female
1,584,070
Nationality
noun
Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens)
adjective
Puerto Rican
Urbanization
urban population
93.6% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
-0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
12.5% (male 191,649/female 184,597)
15-64 years
62.6% (male 904,406/female 986,778)
65 years and over
24.9% (2024 est.) (male 322,698/female 429,322)
Ethnic groups
White 75.8%, Black/African American 12.4%, other 8.5% (includes American Indian, Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islander, and others), mixed 3.3% (2010 est.)
note: 99% of the population is Latino
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
60.7 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
19.4 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
2.4 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
41.2 (2025 est.)
Physician density
3.06 physicians/1,000 population (2018)
Net migration rate
-8.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.27 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
4.3% of GDP (2024 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
16% national budget (2025 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
6.4 deaths/1,000 live births
total
5.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
5.2 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
-1.1% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.62 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
population clusters tend to be found along the coast, with the largest of these in and around San Juan; an exception is a sizeable population located in the interior of the island immediately south of the capital around Caguas; most of the interior, particularly in the western half of the island, is dominated by the Cordillera Central mountains, where population density is low
Life expectancy at birth
male
78.9 years
female
85.5 years
total population
82.1 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
11 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Major urban areas - population
2.440 million SAN JUAN (capital) (2023)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
40.9% (2022 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
16 years (2023 est.)
total
17 years (2023 est.)
female
18 years (2023 est.)