World Factbook
Tajikistan
Jumhurii Tojikiston
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Area
land
141,510 sq km
water
2,590 sq km
total
144,100 sq km
Climate
mid-latitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
Terrain
mountainous region dominated by the Alay Mountains in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofirnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest
Land use
other
69% (2023 est.)
forest
3.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
27.9% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 6.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 20.4% (2023 est.)
Location
Central Asia, west of China, south of Kyrgyzstan
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Elevation
lowest point
Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m
highest point
Qullai Somoniyon 7,495 m
mean elevation
3,186 m
Irrigated land
5,681 sq km (2022)
Map references
Asia
Land boundaries
total
4,130 km
border countries
Afghanistan 1,357 km; China 477 km; Kyrgyzstan 984 km; Uzbekistan 1,312 km
Maritime claims
none (landlocked)
Natural hazards
earthquakes; floods
Geography - note
landlocked; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR
Natural resources
hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold
Area - comparative
slightly smaller than Wisconsin
Geographic coordinates
39 00 N, 71 00 E
Population distribution
the population is concentrated at lower elevations, with perhaps as many as 90% living in valleys; overall density increases from east to west
Major watersheds (area sq km)
Internal (endorheic basin) drainage
Tarim Basin (1,152,448 sq km), (Aral Sea Basin) Amu Darya (534,739 sq km), Syr Darya (782,617 sq km)
Major rivers (by length in km)
Syr Darya (shared with Kyrgyzstan [s], Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan [m]) - 3,078 km; Amu Darya river source (shared with Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Uzbekistan [m]) - 2,620 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth