World Factbook
Tanzania
Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Literacy
male
84.2% (2022 est.)
female
73.1% (2022 est.)
total population
78.2% (2022 est.)
Languages
Languages
Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguja (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic, many local languages
major-language sample(s)
The World Factbook, Chanzo cha Lazima Kuhusu Habari ya Msingi. (Kiswahili) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Christian 63.1%, Muslim 34.1%, folk religion 1.1%, Buddhist <1%, Hindu <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, unspecified 1.6% (2020 est.)
note: Zanzibar is almost entirely Muslim
Sex ratio
at birth
1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1 male(s)/female
total population
1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.74 male(s)/female
Birth rate
33.45 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
4.96 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
18.8 years
total
18.8 years (2025 est.)
female
19.4 years
Population
male
34,597,449
total
69,145,464 (2025 est.)
female
34,548,015
Nationality
noun
Tanzanian(s)
adjective
Tanzanian
Tobacco use
male
11.3% (2025 est.)
total
6.5% (2025 est.)
female
2% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
37.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
4.89% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
41.2% (male 14,039,292/female 13,740,439)
15-64 years
55.4% (male 18,677,388/female 18,708,390)
65 years and over
3.4% (2024 est.) (male 975,224/female 1,321,388)
Ethnic groups
mainland - African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, African, mixed Arab and African
Child marriage
men married by age 18
3.5% (2022)
women married by age 15
5.2% (2022)
women married by age 18
29.1% (2022)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
81.8 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
76 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
17.3 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
5.8 (2025 est.)
Physician density
0.13 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
3.4% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
5.1% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
0.6 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)
Total fertility rate
4.45 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 49% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 60.8% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 81.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 51% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 39.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 18.9% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
3.2% of GDP (2024 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
13.4% national budget (2024 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
32.3 deaths/1,000 live births
total
28.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
26.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
2.85% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
2.19 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
the largest and most populous East African country; population distribution is extremely uneven, but greater population clusters occur in the northern half of country and along the east coast, as shown in this population distribution map
Life expectancy at birth
male
69 years
female
72.6 years
total population
70.8 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
276 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 27.2% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 50.1% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 89.6% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 72.8% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 49.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 10.4% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
0.74 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
7.81 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
0.38 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
6.6 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
262,000 Dodoma (legislative capital) (2018), 7.776 million DAR ES SALAAM (administrative capital), 1.311 million Mwanza, 800,000 Zanzibar (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
8.4% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
19.9 years (2022 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 15-49
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
59.2% (2022 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
11.4% (2022 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
9 years (2021 est.)
total
9 years (2021 est.)
female
9 years (2021 est.)