World Factbook
Timor-Leste
Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e (Tetum)/ Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste (Portuguese)
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Area
land
14,874 sq km
water
0 sq km
total
14,874 sq km
Climate
tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons
Terrain
mountainous
Land use
other
6% (2023 est.)
forest
71% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
23% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 7.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 5.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 10.1% (2023 est.)
Location
Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago; note - Timor-Leste includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco
Coastline
706 km
Elevation
lowest point
Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m
highest point
Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m
Irrigated land
350 sq km (2012)
Map references
Southeast Asia
Land boundaries
total
253 km
border countries
Indonesia 253 km
Maritime claims
contiguous zone
24 nm
territorial sea
12 nm
exclusive fishing zone
200 nm
Natural hazards
floods and landslides are common; earthquakes; tsunamis; tropical cyclones
Geography - note
the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands; the district of Oecussi is an exclave separated from Timor-Leste proper by Indonesia; Timor-Leste is the only Asian country located completely in the Southern Hemisphere
Natural resources
gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble
Area - comparative
slightly larger than Connecticut; almost half the size of Maryland
Geographic coordinates
8 50 S, 125 55 E
Population distribution
most of the population is concentrated in the western third of the country, particularly around Dili