World Factbook
Trinidad and Tobago
Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Literacy
female
93.8% (2022 est.)
Languages
English (official), Trinidadian Creole English, Tobagonian Creole English, Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Trinidadian Creole French, Spanish, Chinese
Religions
Protestant 32.1% (Pentecostal/Evangelical/Full Gospel 12%, Baptist 6.9%, Anglican 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 4.1%, Presbyterian/Congregational 2.5%, other Protestant 0.9%), Roman Catholic 21.6%, Hindu 18.2%, Muslim 5%, Jehovah's Witness 1.5%, other 8.4%, none 2.2%, unspecified 11.1% (2011 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.04 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.04 male(s)/female
total population
1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.87 male(s)/female
Birth rate
10.33 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
38 years
total
39.1 years (2025 est.)
female
39 years
Population
male
708,677
total
1,410,170 (2025 est.)
female
701,493
Nationality
note
note: Trinbagonian is used on occasion to describe a citizen of the country without specifying the island of origin
noun
Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)
adjective
Trinidadian, Tobagonian
Urbanization
urban population
53.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
0.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
18.7% (male 134,508/female 129,180)
15-64 years
67.2% (male 481,606/female 465,150)
65 years and over
14.1% (2024 est.) (male 92,146/female 106,376)
Ethnic groups
East Indian 35.4%, African descent 34.2%, mixed - other 15.3%, mixed - African/East Indian 7.7%, other 1.3%, unspecified 6.2% (2011 est.)
Child marriage
women married by age 15
0.7% (2022)
women married by age 18
4.2% (2022)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
49.3 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
27.5 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
4.6 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
21.9 (2025 est.)
Physician density
4.16 physicians/1,000 population (2021)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
7% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
10.9% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-0.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
1.6 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.63 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: total
total: 98.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 1.1% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
12.6% national budget (2025 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
17.1 deaths/1,000 live births
total
14.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
13 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.08% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.8 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
population on Trinidad is concentrated in the western half of the island, on Tobago in the southern half
Life expectancy at birth
male
74.6 years
female
78.4 years
total population
76.5 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
54 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: total
total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
2.92 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.16 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
5.81 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
2.65 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
545,000 PORT-OF-SPAIN (capital) (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
18.6% (2016)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
42.7% (2022 est.)