World Factbook
Tunisia
Al Jumhuriyah at Tunisiyah
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Budget
revenues
$10.866 billion (2019 est.)
expenditures
$12.375 billion (2019 est.)
Exports
note
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports 2021
$14.054 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2022
$17.254 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$19.732 billion (2023 est.)
Imports
note
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports 2021
$18.178 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2022
$22.453 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$21.953 billion (2023 est.)
Industries
petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate, iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
Labor force
4.247 million (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
Public debt 2016
62.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Remittances
note
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2021
6.3% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2022
6.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
6% of GDP (2023 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Tunisian dinars (TND) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
2.812 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
2.794 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
3.104 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
3.106 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
3.107 (2024 est.)
Debt - external
note
note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Debt - external 2023
$21.212 billion (2023 est.)
Economic overview
lower middle-income North African economy; drafting reforms for foreign lenders; high unemployment, especially for youth and women; hit hard by COVID-19; high public sector wages; high public debt; protectionist austerity measures; key EU trade partner
Unemployment rate
note
note: % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022
15.3% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
15.2% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
16.3% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
France 22%, Italy 17%, Germany 13%, USA 4%, Libya 4% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Imports - partners
Italy 13%, France 12%, China 10%, Russia 8%, Germany 7% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Real GDP per capita
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022
$12,700 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$12,600 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$12,700 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
note
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022
2.7% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
0% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
1.4% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
milk, tomatoes, olives, onions, chillies/peppers, watermelons, potatoes, wheat, dates, oranges (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Exports - commodities
garments, insulated wire, olive oil, refined petroleum, crude petroleum (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, natural gas, plastic products, cars, plastics (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Current account balance
note
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Current account balance 2021
-$2.77 billion (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2022
-$3.969 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
-$1.111 billion (2023 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$53.41 billion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP - composition, by end use
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
household consumption
76.2% (2024 est.)
government consumption
18.6% (2024 est.)
investment in inventories
0% (2024 est.)
investment in fixed capital
13.4% (2024 est.)
exports of goods and services
48.4% (2024 est.)
imports of goods and services
-56.6% (2024 est.)
Population below poverty line
16.6% (2021 est.)
note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Average household expenditures
on food
22.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco
3.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
note
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
8.3% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
9.3% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
7.2% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
-2.5% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$153.945 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$154.006 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$156.086 billion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
41.1% (2024 est.)
note
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
total
40.1% (2024 est.)
female
37.6% (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
note
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$8.094 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$9.24 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$9.344 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
note
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
industry
23.6% (2023 est.)
services
62.1% (2023 est.)
agriculture
9.3% (2023 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
note
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
lowest 10%
3.1% (2021 est.)
highest 10%
27% (2021 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
note
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021
33.7 (2021 est.)