World Factbook
Tuvalu
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Literacy
male
100% (2022 est.)
female
100% (2022 est.)
total population
100% (2022 est.)
Languages
Tuvaluan (official), English (official), Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)
Religions
Protestant 92.7% (Congregational Christian Church of Tuvalu 85.9%, Brethren 2.8%, Seventh Day Adventist 2.5%, Assemblies of God 1.5%), Baha'i 1.5%, Jehovah's Witness 1.5%, other 3.9%, none or refused 0.4% (2017 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.02 male(s)/female
total population
0.98 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.57 male(s)/female
Birth rate
21.57 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
7.78 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
26.8 years
total
28.1 years (2025 est.)
female
28.8 years
Population
male
5,865
total
11,824 (2025 est.)
female
5,959
Nationality
noun
Tuvaluan(s)
adjective
Tuvaluan
Tobacco use
male
46.2% (2025 est.)
total
32.4% (2025 est.)
female
18.1% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
66.2% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
2.08% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
29.2% (male 1,754/female 1,672)
15-64 years
63.2% (male 3,736/female 3,675)
65 years and over
7.6% (2024 est.) (male 326/female 570)
Ethnic groups
Tuvaluan 97%, Tuvaluan/I-Kiribati 1.6%, Tuvaluan/other 0.8%, other 0.6% (2017 est.)
Child marriage
men married by age 18
1.7% (2020)
women married by age 15
0% (2020)
women married by age 18
1.8% (2020)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
59 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
46.4 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
7.9 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
12.6 (2025 est.)
Physician density
1.35 physicians/1,000 population (2020)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
20% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
11.2% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-6.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.76 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 99.3% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 99% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0.7% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 1% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
12.8% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
16.8% national budget (2025 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
31.3 deaths/1,000 live births
total
27.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
24 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.75% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
1.34 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
over half of the population resides on the atoll of Funafuti
Life expectancy at birth
male
66.5 years
female
71.6 years
total population
69 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
170 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 93.9% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 95.8% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 96.7% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 6.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 4.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 3.3% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.69 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
0.93 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
0.22 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
7,000 FUNAFUTI (capital) (2018)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
51.6% (2016)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
64.2% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.9% (2019 est.)