World Factbook

Uganda

Republic of Uganda

Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)

Budget

note

note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

revenues

$7.616 billion (2023 est.)

expenditures

$10.043 billion (2023 est.)

Exports

note

note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports 2021

$6.231 billion (2021 est.)

Exports 2022

$6.116 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$9.084 billion (2023 est.)

Imports

note

note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports 2021

$10.62 billion (2021 est.)

Imports 2022

$11.079 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$13.853 billion (2023 est.)

Industries

sugar processing, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production

Labor force

22.829 million (2024 est.)

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Public debt

note

note: central government debt as a % of GDP

Public debt 2023

53.1% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances

note

note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

2.9% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

2.7% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

2.9% of GDP (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

Ugandan shillings (UGX) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2020

3,718.249 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

3,587.052 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

3,689.817 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

3,726.14 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2024

3,757.263 (2024 est.)

Debt - external

note

note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Debt - external 2023

$10.469 billion (2023 est.)

Economic overview

low-income, primarily agrarian East African economy; COVID-19 hurt economic growth and poverty reduction; lower oil prices threaten prior sector investments; endemic corruption; natural resource rich; high female labor force participation but undervalued

Unemployment rate

note

note: % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

2.9% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

2.8% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

3% (2024 est.)

Exports - partners

India 21%, UAE 16%, Hong Kong 10%, South Sudan 8%, Kenya 6% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Imports - partners

China 19%, UAE 12%, Tanzania 11%, India 10%, Kenya 7% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Real GDP per capita

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$2,700 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$2,800 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$2,900 (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

note

note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

4.6% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

5.3% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

6.1% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

plantains, sugarcane, milk, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, vegetables, beans, potatoes, tea (2023)

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Exports - commodities

gold, coffee, fish, refined petroleum, tobacco (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, gold, plastics, packaged medicine, palm oil (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Current account balance

note

note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Current account balance 2021

-$3.605 billion (2021 est.)

Current account balance 2022

-$4.064 billion (2022 est.)

Current account balance 2023

-$3.766 billion (2023 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

13% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

GDP (official exchange rate)

$53.652 billion (2024 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

GDP - composition, by end use

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

household consumption

66.3% (2024 est.)

government consumption

10% (2024 est.)

investment in inventories

0.8% (2024 est.)

investment in fixed capital

21.5% (2024 est.)

exports of goods and services

16.9% (2024 est.)

imports of goods and services

-24.6% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

20.3% (2019 est.)

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Average household expenditures

on food

38.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

on alcohol and tobacco

1.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

note

note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

7.2% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

5.4% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

3.3% (2024 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

4.9% (2024 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

note

note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$128.923 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$135.803 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$144.137 billion (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

male

3.5% (2024 est.)

note

note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

total

4.5% (2024 est.)

female

5.5% (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

note

note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2016

$3.098 billion (2016 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2017

$3.721 billion (2017 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2018

$3.359 billion (2018 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

industry

24.9% (2024 est.)

services

43.1% (2024 est.)

agriculture

24.7% (2024 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

note

note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

lowest 10%

2.4% (2019 est.)

highest 10%

34.5% (2019 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

note

note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019

42.7 (2019 est.)