World Factbook
Uganda
Republic of Uganda
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Area
land
197,100 sq km
water
43,938 sq km
total
241,038 sq km
Climate
tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast
Terrain
mostly plateau with rim of mountains
Land use
other
16% (2023 est.)
forest
12.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
71.9% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 34.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 11% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 26.5% (2023 est.)
Location
East-Central Africa, west of Kenya, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Elevation
lowest point
Albert Nile 614 m
highest point
Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m
Irrigated land
105 sq km (2013)
Map references
Africa
Land boundaries
total
2,729 km
border countries
Democratic Republic of the Congo 877 km; Kenya 814 km; Rwanda 172 km; South Sudan 475 km; Tanzania 391 km
Maritime claims
none (landlocked)
Natural hazards
droughts; floods; earthquakes; landslides; hailstorms
Geography - note
landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers; Lake Victoria, the world's largest tropical lake and second-largest freshwater lake, is shared among three countries: Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda
Natural resources
copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land, gold
Area - comparative
slightly more than two times the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Oregon
Geographic coordinates
1 00 N, 32 00 E
Population distribution
population density is relatively high in comparison to other African nations; most of the population is concentrated in the central and southern parts of the country, particularly along the shores of Lake Victoria and Lake Albert; the northeast is least populated, as shown in this population distribution map
Major lakes (area sq km)
fresh water lake(s)
Lake Victoria (shared with Tanzania and Kenya) - 62,940 sq km; Lake Albert (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo) - 5,590 sq km; Lake Kyoga - 4,430 sq km; Lake Edward (shared with Democratic Republic of Congo) - 2,150 sq km
Major watersheds (area sq km)
Atlantic Ocean drainage
Congo (3,730,881 sq km), (Mediterranean Sea) Nile (3,254,853 sq km)
Major rivers (by length in km)
Nile (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth