World Factbook
Uzbekistan
O'zbekiston Respublikasi
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Literacy
male
100% (2022 est.)
female
100% (2022 est.)
total population
100% (2022 est.)
Languages
note
note: in the semi-autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan, both the Karakalpak language and Uzbek have official status
Languages
Uzbek (official) 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%
major-language sample(s)
Jahon faktlari kitobi, asosiy ma'lumotlar uchun zaruriy manba. (Uzbek) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Muslim 88% (mostly Sunni), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3%
Sex ratio
at birth
1.08 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1 male(s)/female
total population
1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.79 male(s)/female
Birth rate
18.93 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
5 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
28.1 years
total
29.2 years (2025 est.)
female
29.8 years
Population
male
18,576,048
total
37,015,151 (2025 est.)
female
18,439,103
Nationality
noun
Uzbekistani
adjective
Uzbekistani
Tobacco use
male
30.2% (2025 est.)
total
15.4% (2025 est.)
female
1% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
50.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
1.25% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
29.6% (male 5,597,947/female 5,213,403)
15-64 years
63.7% (male 11,649,017/female 11,617,411)
65 years and over
6.7% (2024 est.) (male 1,077,849/female 1,364,966)
Ethnic groups
Uzbek 83.8%, Tajik 4.8%, Kazakh 2.5%, Russian 2.3%, Karakalpak 2.2%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.9% (2017 est.)
Child marriage
women married by age 15
0.2% (2022)
women married by age 18
3.4% (2022)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
57.3 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
46.3 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
9 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
11.1 (2025 est.)
Physician density
2.81 physicians/1,000 population (2021)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
7.7% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
7.1% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-1.31 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
4.9 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.6 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 95.2% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 96.6% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 98% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 4.8% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 3.4% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 2% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
22.1% national budget (2024 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
21.1 deaths/1,000 live births
total
17.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
15.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
1.26% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
1.25 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
most of the population is concentrated in the fertile Fergana Valley in the easternmost arm of the country; the south has significant clusters of people, but the central and western deserts are sparsely populated
Life expectancy at birth
male
73.6 years
female
79 years
total population
76.2 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
26 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 98.7% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 98.4% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 98.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 1.3% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 1.6% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 1.9% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
0.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
2.45 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
2.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
2.603 million TASHKENT (capital) (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
16.6% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
23.7 years (2019 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
74.7% (2022 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
1.8% (2021 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
13 years (2024 est.)
total
13 years (2024 est.)
female
13 years (2024 est.)