World Factbook
Vatican City
La Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano)
Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)
Area
land
0.44 sq km
water
0 sq km
total
0 sq km
Climate
temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)
Terrain
urban; low hill
Land use
other
100% (2022 est.)
forest
0% (2022 est.)
agricultural land
0% (2022 est.)
Location
Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy)
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Elevation
lowest point
Saint Peter's Square 19 m
highest point
Vatican Gardens (Vatican Hill) 78 m
Map references
Europe
Land boundaries
total
3.4 km
border countries
Italy 3.4 km
Maritime claims
none (landlocked)
Natural hazards
occasional earthquakes
Geography - note
landlocked; an enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state
Natural resources
none
Area - comparative
about 0.7 times the size of the National Mall in Washington, D.C.
Geographic coordinates
41 54 N, 12 27 E