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Yemen

Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah

Last updated: 2026-03-28 (today)

Budget

revenues

$2.207 billion (2019 est.)

expenditures

$3.585 billion (2019 est.)

Exports

note

note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports 2015

$1.867 billion (2015 est.)

Exports 2016

$938.469 million (2016 est.)

Exports 2017

$384.5 million (2017 est.)

Imports

note

note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports 2015

$7.697 billion (2015 est.)

Imports 2016

$8.256 billion (2016 est.)

Imports 2017

$4.079 billion (2017 est.)

Industries

crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles, leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; aluminum products; cement; commercial ship repair; natural gas production

Labor force

7.848 million (2024 est.)

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Public debt

Public debt 2016

68.1% of GDP (2016 est.)

Remittances

note

note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

19.44% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

16.02% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

20.05% of GDP (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

Yemeni rials (YER) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2019

486.731 (2019 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

743.006 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

1,028.108 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

1,115.002 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

1,355.116 (2023 est.)

Debt - external

note

note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Debt - external 2023

$6.492 billion (2023 est.)

Economic overview

low-income Middle Eastern economy; infrastructure, trade, and economic institutions devastated by civil war; oil/gas-dependent but decreasing reserves; massive poverty, food insecurity, and unemployment; high inflation

Unemployment rate

note

note: % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

17.4% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

17.1% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

17.1% (2024 est.)

Exports - partners

UAE 28%, India 21%, Saudi Arabia 17%, Oman 7%, Malaysia 5% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Imports - partners

China 23%, UAE 15%, Saudi Arabia 11%, Turkey 8%, India 7% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Real GDP per capita

note

note: data in 2015 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$300 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$200 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$200 (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

note

note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2016

-9.4% (2016 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2017

-5.1% (2017 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2018

0.8% (2018 est.)

Agricultural products

mangoes/guavas, potatoes, milk, onions, spices, chicken, sorghum, watermelons, tomatoes, grapes (2023)

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Exports - commodities

gold, fish, scrap iron, shellfish, industrial acids/oils/alcohols (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports - commodities

wheat, raw sugar, rice, iron bars, plastic products (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Current account balance

note

note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Current account balance 2014

-$1.488 billion (2014 est.)

Current account balance 2015

-$3.026 billion (2015 est.)

Current account balance 2016

-$2.419 billion (2016 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$8.278 billion (2024 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

note

note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020

19.6% (2020 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021

26% (2021 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

29.1% (2022 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

-1.1% (2018 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

note

note: data in 2015 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$19.294 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$18.908 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$18.719 billion (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

male

31.8% (2024 est.)

note

note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

total

32.4% (2024 est.)

female

38.4% (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

note

note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020

$969.613 million (2020 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021

$1.688 billion (2021 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$1.251 billion (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

note

note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

industry

25.4% (2018 est.)

services

41.8% (2018 est.)

agriculture

28.7% (2018 est.)